ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION DATA OF COVID-19 BASED ON SCOPUS

The Covid-19 first appeared in Wuhan Province, Chinese, and has now become a pandemic worrying everyone. Its rapid and deadly spread has created a situation that worries governments, communities, scientists, educators, economists, and especially medical workers (Hamidah, Sriyono, & Nur Huda, 2020). The spread can be through direct human physical contact which is transmitted through the mouth, nose, and eyes. Nurislaminingsih (2020) stated that the nature of the Covid-19 virus, which is very easily transmitted to humans, can even survive for a while on non-human objects. Efforts to break the chain of spreading the virus have been carried out in each country by issuing several regulations that the citizens should obey. The rapid spread of this virus also has an impact on the rapid distribution of data/information about Coronavirus. The digital era makes it easy for anyone to create, retrieve, edit, distribute and delete information. Regarding the corona cases, the need for public information about Covid-19 is urgent and should be provided immediately. People with certain disease backgrounds, the elderly, and pregnant women are groups of people who need special information (Nurislaminingsih, 2020). Coronavirus is an RNA virus with a particle size of 120-160 nm. This virus mainly infects animals, including bats and camels. Previously, 6 types of coronavirus could infect humans, namely alphacoronavirus 229E, alphacoronavirus NL63, betacoronavirus OC43, betacoronavirus HKU1, Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The coronavirus that is the etiology of Covid-19 belongs to the betacoronavirus genus. The results of phylogenetic analysis show that this virus belongs to the same subgenus as the coronavirus that caused the Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARS) outbreak in 2002-2004 ago, namely Sarbecovirus. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses phylogenetic analysis proposed the name SARS-CoV-2.1. The SARS-CoV-2 sequence is similar to the coronavirus isolated in bats, leading to the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 originated in bats and then mutated and infects humans. Mammals and birds are thought to be intermediate reservoirs. Currently, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 from human to human is the main source of transmission so that the spread becomes more aggressive. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from symptomatic patients occurs through droplets released when coughing or sneezing (Susilo et.al, 2020). Since March 2020, the pandemic has attracted the attention of academia, sparking a new wave of research on Covid-19. However, most of the recent studies are mostly related to health issues and not other aspects such as less explored areas including life and social sciences. In addition, in research publications, there are also gaps among topics that are mostly studied and some are rare. Chahrour et.al (2020) and Lou et.al (2020), for example, analyzed the document using the Pubmed database. For this reason, a comprehensive study is needed that uses the Scopus database which includes the amount of Covid-19 data, publication sources, institutions, countries, types of documents, and funding institutions as well as visualizing research maps on Covid based on keywords. This study aims to determine the number of covid data publications by year, publication source, institution, country, type of document, and funding institution as well as visualization of Covid-19 data based on keywords from the Scopus database.

This study uses the literature search method. The research method includes research data sources, search strategies, and data analysis. The data was obtained from the Scopus database which is the largest data center in the world that includes tens of millions of scientific literature published decades ago until today. Scopus has the main function of creating an index of scientific literature to provide accurate information about the metadata of each scientific article, including publication data, abstracts, references, and others (Fauzy, 2016) The data was collected by conducting a literature search related to Covid-19 indexed by Scopus. The data began to be collected from June 29, 2020, using the keywords: Title (Novel and coronavirus 2019) or Title (Coronavirus 2019) or Title (covid 2019) and Title (Covid-19)). The search using this strategy finally found 723 data on Covid-19 publications. Furthermore, bibliographic data and keywords from 723 articles were extracted in CSV format and keyword maps were visualized using VosViewer software

The Number of Publications Per Year From the search results through the Scopus database in 2020, it was found 723 documents consisting of 569 which were openly accessible while the remaining 154 documents could be accessed by subscription or paid. The most and reputable journals From a total of 158 journal titles, Table 1 below shows the rankings of the twenty-eight major journals (17.72%,) that contain the greatest number of Covid-19 data publications. Of the twenty eight ranked journals that contain publications about Covid-19, including journals with the first quartile rank (Q1) and have a relatively high CiteScore. The majority of publications come from health journals on the subject of cardiology and cardiovascular medicine. Table 1. The reputable journals that contain literature on Covid-19 data publications Journal Names Number of Publications CiteScore 2019 Subjects Journal of the American College of Radiology (Q1) 29 3,4 Radiology, Nuclear medicine and imaging World Neurosurgery (Q2) 16 2,4 Medicine surgery, Medicine neurology JAMA Cardiology (Q1) 11 16,2 Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine Journal Of Infection (Q1) 11 8,0 Infectious diseases, Microbiology Journal Of Medical Virology (Q2) 11 4,0 Infectious disease, Immunology and microbiology Clinical Infectious Diseases an Official Publication Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America (Q1) 10 12,5 Infectious diseases, Microbiology European Radiology (Q1) 10 6,9 Radiology, Nuclear medicine and imaging Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology (Q1) 9 4,5 Infectious diseases, Microbiology, Epidemiology International Journal of Surgery (Q1) 9 6,0 Surgery Annals Of Internal Medicine (Q1) 8 14.6 Internal medicine Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (Q1) 8 6,4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology JAMA Network Open (Q1) 8 1,7 Radiology, Nuclear medicine and imaging Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs (Q3) 7 0.3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics JAMA Pediatrics (Q1) 7 18,2 Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health Journal Of the American Academy of Dermatology (Q1) 7 6,7 Dermatology Korean Journal of Radiology (Q1) 7 4,5 Radiology, Nuclear medicine and imaging JAMA Journal of The American Medical Association (Q1) 6 26,3 General medicine Obstetrics And Gynecology (Q1) 6 6,7 Obstetrics and Gynecology European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences (Q2) 5 3,5 Pharmacology (medical) Eurosurveillance (Q1) 5 11,1 Immunology and Microbiology, Virology, epidemiology International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents (Q1) 5 6,7 Infectious diseases, Pharmacology, Microbiology International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Q2) 5 3,0 Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health International Journal of Infectious Diseases (Q1) 5 5,3 Infectious diseases, Microbiology Journal Of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia (Q2) 5 2,9 Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Medical Hypotheses (Q3) 5 2,2 General medicine Medical Journal of Australia (Q2) 5 3,6 General medicine Medical Science Monitor (Q2) 5 2,7 General medicine The top ten most productive institutions Table 2. The top ten most productive institutions Institutions Number of Publications Huazhong University of Science and Technology 22 Università degli Studi di Verona 21 Tongji Medical College 20 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center 17 Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University 16 Harvard Medical School 14 The University of Hong Kong 13 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 13 Peking Union Medical College Hospital 11 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 11 The top ten most productive countries Table 3. The top ten most productive countries Countries Number of Publications China 244 United States 201 Italy 83 United Kingdom 42 Iran 32 France 24 Singapore 23 India 22 Canada 20 Australia 19 The number of publications by the document types Table 4. The number of publications by the document types Document types Number of Publications Article 386 Letter 131 Review 106 Note 47 Editorial 40 Short Survey 9 Erratum 3 Conference Paper 1 Total 723 The number of publications by subjects Table 5. The number of publications by subjects Subjects Number of Publications Medicine 659 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 68 Immunology and Microbiology 53 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics 32 Environmental Science 15 Neuroscience 14 Nursing 13 Health Professions 9 Social Sciences 9 Computer Science 8 Dentistry 8 Engineering 7 Agricultural and Biological Sciences 6 Mathematics 4 Veterinary 3 Business, Management and Accounting 2 Multidisciplinary 2 Arts and Humanities 1 Chemistry 1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance 1 Energy 1 Psychology 1 Undefined 1 Total 723 The number of publications by funding sponsors Table 6. The number of publications by funding sponsors Funding Sponsor Agencies Number of Publications National Natural Science Foundation of China 25 National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) 5 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico 4 Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 4 Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China 4 China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 3 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior 3 Medtronic 3 National Institutes of Health 3 National Major Science and Technology Projects of China 3 Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 3 AbbVie 2 Amgen 2 Bayer 2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais 2 Harbin Engineering University 2 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 2 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 2 National Cancer Institute 2 National Health and Medical Research Council 2 National Institute for Health Research 2 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 2 National Medical Research Council 2 National Research Foundation of Korea 2 National Science Foundation 2 Pfizer 2 Sichuan University 2 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases 2 Universitat de València 2 Visualization of Covid-19 data based on keywords It describes the keyword visualization results generated using the VosViewer software (Figure 1). This keyword visualization was carried out as an initial stage to find out the general description and topics of the most widely used Covid-19 data publications (Nadzar, Bakri, and Ibrahim 2017). The most used keywords are marked with a larger circle size. The connecting lines between keywords indicate how often they are used together in a publication. The thicker and more lines the more often these keywords appear in the publication Figure 1. Mapping scientific publications about Covid-19 based on keywords As seen Figure 1 has highlighted five major keyword clusters often used in research publications about Covid-19 as follows. The 1st Cluster The red circles consist of; novel coronavirus 2019, 2019-ncov, acute kidney failure, alpha interferon, angiostensin converting, angiostensin reseptor antagonist, antibiotic agent, antiinflammatory activity, antiviral activity, antiviral agents, antiviral teraphy, antivirus agent, artificial ventilation, azithromycin, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascukar diseases, chemical composition, chemistry, chinese drug, chinese medicine, chloroquine, clinical feature, clinical outcome, communicable disease, coronavirus diseases 2019 (covid-19), coronaviruses, corticosteroid, covid-19 vaccine, critical illness, critically ill patient, cytokine, cytokine strom, diabetel mellitus, diagnostic prosedure, disease managament, drug effect, drug eficacy, drug mechanism, drug repositioning, drug safety, drug targeting, extracorporeal oxygenation, gene sequence, genetics, global health, glucocorticoid, heart failure, heart injury, herbaceous agent, hydroxychloroquine, hypoxemia, immune response, immunoglobulin, immunology, immunosupprresive treatment, incubation time, infection rate, infectiuous diseases, infectious disesases, inflamation, influenza, intensive care, intensive care unite, interferon, isolation, lung injury, malaria, malignan neoplasm, medical research, medicine, chinese traditional, metabolism, methylprednisolone, midle east respiratory sindrome, molecular docking, mortality rate, network pharmacology, noninvasive ventilation, outbreak, oxygen teraphy, pathogenesis, pathophyisiology, physiology, prediction, prevalence, protein expression, quercetin, respiratory failure, raspiratory tract infection, sars coronavirus, sars virus, sars-cov, sars-cov-2, sars_x0002_related coronavirus, severe acute rspiratory, traditional chinese medicine, transmission, tumor necrosis factor, viral vaccines, virology, virus entry, virus genome, virus load, virus morphology, virus replication, virus transmission, virus vaccine, virus virulence, wordl heath organization, wuhan dan zoonosis. The 2nd Cluster The green circles consist of: algorithm, anxiety, attitude to heath, betacoronavirus, cancer patient, cerebrovascular accident, chinese, clinical decision making, clinical practice, clinician, comunicable disease control, coronavirinae, coronavirus, coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus infections, Covid_x0002_19, cross infection, cros sebtional studies, cross sebtional study, depresion, devices, diagnosis, disease control, disease outbreaks, disease transmission, disease transmission, infection, disinfection, education, elective surgery, emergency, emergency care, emergency health service, epidemic, epidemics, hand washing, health care, health care delivery, health care personil, health care planning, heath care system, health personal, health survey, high risk population, hospital, hospital infection, hospital management, immunocompromissed patient, infection control, infection prevention, infection risk, infection sensitivity, infection disease transmission, medical education, medical ethics, medical staff, mental health, mental stress, morbidity, neorosurgery, novel coronavirus, ocupational safety, organization and management, pandemic, pandemics, patient care, patient safety, personal protective equitment, pneumonia, prevention and control, protective equitment, public health, public heath service, quarantine, radiologist, radiology, radiology departement, respiratory disease, respiratory tract disease, risk assesment, screening, social distance, social isolation, stress physological, stroke, surgery, surveys and questionari, symtomatology, teleheath, telemedicine, viral contamination, dan virus pneumonia. The 3rd Cluster The blue circles consist of; alanine aminotransferase, asparate aminotransferase, body temperature, breathing rate, reactive protein, case report, ches tightness, clinical laboratory techniques, comparative study, complication, computed tromography, computer assisted tromography, contac examination, controlled study, diagnostic imaging, defferential diaagnotis, disease course, disease exacerbation, dispnea, early diagnosis, fatigue, gastrointestinal disease, headhace, hemoptysis, hospital admission, hospital discharge, hipertension, image analisis, infection, infection and purification, laboratory technique, laboratory test, lactate dehydrogenase, leucocyte count, leucopenia, lung disease, lung lesion, lung nodule, limphocyte count, limphocytopenia, major clical study, medical history, midle aged, nucleic acid, nucleic acid analysis, oxygen saturation, pathology, patient dischage, patient isolation, phylogeny, pleura efussion, pneumonia, radiography thoracic, real time reserve transciption polymerase chain reaction, restrospective study, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity and specificity, sore throat, sputum analysis, symthon, thorax, thorax radiography, thoat culture, thomography, tomography x ray com, virus detection, x-ray computed tomography. The 4th Cluster The yellow circles consist of; adolescent, age distribution, age factor, aged 80 and over, asymptomatic infection, case fatality rate, child, preschool, disease surveillance, epidemiological data, epidemiology, geographic distribution, hospital patient, hospitalization, infant, newborn, laboratory diagnosis, mortality, pathogenicity, pediatrics, polymerase chain reaction, pregnancy, pregnant women, preschool child, real-time polymerase chain reaction, respiratory distress, risk factor, the severity of illness index, treatment outcome, very elderly, young adult. The 5th Cluster The purple circles consist of; blood, clinical characteristic, disease severity, length of stay, meta_x0002_analysis, observational study, platelet count, prognosis, randomized controlled trial and systematic review. Based on the visualization of the five clusters above, it shows that the most cluster appeared in the first cluster, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, followed by the second cluster coronavirus disease 2019, the third cluster fever, the fourth cluster epidemiology, and the fifth cluster disease severity. The study is in line with the results of a study conducted by Lou et.al (2020) which reviewed and analyzed the 2019 Coronavirus with the bibliometric method. The results of the analysis showed that based on keywords 68 (37.2%) epidemiology, 49 (26.8%) virology, and 26 (14.2%) clinical features

Based on the findings above, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 data indexed in the Scopus database was only carried out in 2020. The data publication of Covid-19 was 723 documents of which 569 were openly accessible and the remaining 154 documents could be accessed by subscription. The journal that publishes data on COVID-19 is the Journal of the American College of Radiology with the subject categories discussed are radiology, nuclear medicine, and imaging. Huazhong University of Science and Technology is the institution that publishes the most data on Covid-19 that have 22 publications. China is the largest country with having publications as many as 244 documents. In terms of the type of data publication documents, the most are in the form of articles which are 386 documents with the most subject category was medicine with 659 publications. The most funding sponsors were provided by the National Science Foundation of China, followed by the National Basic Research Program of China. The visualization using VosViewer Covid-19 data mapped into five clusters as described before.