SISTEM INFORMASI DESA (SID) TERONG BASED ON COMMUNITY: TOWARDS A PERSONAL ARCHIVE SERVICE MODEL

Human activity can not be separated from the role of technology that continues to grow rapidly. Almost all areas utilize technology to support their effectiveness, productivity and work efficiency. The economic, social, political, educational, health, security and defense fields utilize technology as part of the human work process. The role of technology in each field is vary. It can be used in the production process, supervision, distribution, until marketing. Archives field that is part of the information service also uses technology for operational activities, ranging from processing, storage, distribution, to service. Technological development will continue to develope to fulfill community’s primary, secondary and even tertiary needs. Society, in this digital era can utilize information technology from the simplest to the most cutting-edge technology. The simplest benefit people can get from information technology, for the example, is personal archive service (personal file) in the form of ID card. KTP as the main identity card in Indonesia has been developed electronically into E-ID card. Unfortunately, this development has not had a significant impact on the community. The development of this information technology will be unceasingly continued following the development of society needs that have not been fulfilled. Groups of people who feel the grealty impact of unmaximized personal file service (personal file) by public service institutions is the village community. Limited educational background is one of the reasons for the lack of competence of service users and service providers. Another condition that adds to the situation becomes less conducive is the life expectancy in the village is much higher. On one hand, it becomes an extra value of the village. On the other hand, it affects the addition of unproductive age proportions that require more attention to public services in the village. The government has tried to improve the condition by launching the Arsip Masuk Desa (AMD) program. This program was launched in 2009 based on the Regulation of the Head of National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia Number 08 Year 2009 on Village Archives Program. The main purpose of this program is to provide the excellent service to the community. According to the government the excellent service will be executed if the availability of the archive is in complete condition, well ordered, and accessible (Rohmatun, 2017). On the other hand, COMBINE Resource Institution also conducted a similar program to work with community communities in the village to initiate a complete and updatable database for villages in mid2009. The initial goal of the program is to allow public to access public data and information through information technology which is not limited space and time. Another objective of the program is to strengthen the formulation and policy-making base on the existing development process in the village. The Sistem Infomasi Desa (SID) becomes a database to provide public services to communities, village governments, and even governments information technology-based. The combine report in 2010 explains that the program has managed to facilitate the information needs and improve the public service based on the personal archives of the village community. Another impact of the program is assistance and policy to target communities. Departing from these conditions, this study will discuss more deeply about the effort to realize the SID that Combine has formed with community communities in Terong village. Terong village itself is a village which located in quite difficult area to access from the central government. The author chose Terong Village to be studied because the village is a pioneer in the SID program. Participation and initiatives of local residents to form and develop SID which now has been able to become one of the government programs in village development and set out in Law number 06/2014 is about village. The formulation of the problems proposed in this study are (1) How does Combine work together with Terong Village community community to realize SID? (2) What model of personal archive services does SID provide for the needs of the Terong Village community to improve the quality of Terong Village's public services and information? The purpose of the study is to explain and describe how Combine works with the community of Terong Village to realize SID in order to model the personal archive services provided by SID to meet the needs of the community in Terong Village. II. LITERATURE REVIEW A. Sistem Informasi Desa Burch and Grudnitski in the book Kumorotomo and Margono (2009) mentioned that there are three main factors that will determine the quality of information, namely: accuracy, timeliness and relevance. Information can be said to be accurate if the information matches the facts. The benefits of the information can be obtained if the information comes at the required time. Furthermore, the information will be useful if the information gives a significant influence for someone in decision making. Parker (1989) explains in more detail the good terms of information in Tyoso's book (2016). These requirements are: 1. Availability Information should be accessible for people who will use it. The consequence of this then the information must be in an organized and neat form. 2. Easy to understand (comprehensibility) Decisions will be ineffective when getting complicated and convoluted information. Then the information should be easily understood in order to support both strategic and non-strategic decision-making. 3. Relevant The relevance of the information will have a great impact in the analysis process, it needs information that is really relevant to the problems, mission and vision of the decision maker. 4. Beneficial (benefits) Information should also be presented in an easily accessible form to benefit. Access media should support the process of providing information, in addition to the access procedure must also support the smooth delivery of information. 5. On time (being on/in time) Information should be available when needed in any decision-making. Information will be crucial in the crucial and strategic decision-making process. 6. Reliability The information provider or data processor of the information must have integrity and personal characteristics that can be trusted, because the information must come from a clear and reliable source of data. 7. Accurate (accuracy) There should be no mistakes and errors in the information, so the information should be clear and accurate in reflecting the meaning contained in the supporting data. 8. Consistent Information should not contain contradictory items. Consistency is the main basis in decision making. Murdick and Ross (1984) in Kumorotomo and Margono (2009) mentioned that the system is a set of elements that are combined with each other to meet a common goal. Maximum utilization of information can be done if the information resides on components or elements that are interrelated, organized and integrated in the system. This can be seen in the picture below: FIGURE 1. INFORMATION SYSTEM MODEL Based on the picture above can be seen that the system simply, which consists of input, processing and output (Scoot, 1996). Apparently, a system can not be separated from the surrounding environment. Kumorotomo and Margono (2009) explain that the feed-back can come from the output, even from the environment of the system. B. Rural Communities Villages can be analogous to areas that become a permanent geographic area of a society. The village is experiencing the process of forming the society's order as well as producing social, economic, and cultural activities. The results of these various fields of activity provide the identity of differentiating rural communities from one community to another (Sharma, 2004). Village growth is influenced by several factors, including topography, economy, social, and ecology. Characteristics of rural communities for example is community. Villagers meet all the needs of their lives in the village. They behave well between members and uphold unity. So, the village is a community because the community has an awareness of interacting positively to meet its needs (Sharma, 2004). Neighboring life in rural communities has a very strong bond. This is evident in all village activities that always involve all citizens. Families also become a major part of all economic activities, so the average village community has a lot of family members. Religious villagers became one of the identities of their characteristics. The interesting thing about the village community is simple life planning. So, the life of the village community becomes more natural and potluck. The condition should make the village into a community that is naturally evolving. The cause that requires the government to intervene in managing the village is the village's need for decent living. The agricultural economic base of the village in Indonesia is not capable of making the village community financially self-reliant. The number of farmers reached 4,262 residents, following the peasants as many as 255 inhabitants (Terong, 2013). Some legal grounds that explain the right of people to access information are described in the table 1. Since the introduction of Law No. 14/2008 on Public Information Transparency, villagers as the smallest form of entity of a country are increasingly sensitive to information that can be used as a potential for village development. Under the law, villagers also have the right to information including the right to know, the right to attend public meetings (right to observe), and the right to information without requests (active access). Villagers are actively developing village by knowing the potential of their village. TABLE 1. LEGAL LEGACY ACCESS INFORMATION BASED PERSONAL ARCHIVE International National Previlage UUD 1945 Declaration of Human Right 1948 International Council on Archives 1948 UU No. 14/2008 Keterbukaan Informasi Publik UU No. 25/ 2009 Layanan Publik UU No. 43/2009 Kearsipan Enhance policy plans and data-based development of natural resources, labor resources and other appropriate intellectual and resource resources. Utilization of information technology in the management of information other than as a form of accomodation of the potential of the village as well as a form of archive-based public services for villagers. Law Number 25/2009 on Public Services explains that village people should be able to easily access public services without further constraints.

The research location was conducted in Terong Village, Dlingo District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The method used in this research study is qualitative research method through inductive approach. This qualitative method is used because of several considerations. First, adjusting qualitative methods is easier when dealing with double reality. Second, this method presents directly the nature of the relationship between researchers and informants. Third, this method is more sensitive and more adaptable to much sharpening of shared influence and to the patterns of value encountered. The existence of humans as the subject of research becomes the main reason this approach should be chosen. The inductive approach is considered to be much more flexible to the structure of research that may be subject to change due to the dynamic conditions of the study subjects. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The subjects of the study were SID (1 person), SID application (1 person), village head (1 person), former village head (1 person), village draw (1 person), SID officer (1 person), Chairman of Karang Taruna (1 person), former chairman of Karang Taruna (1 person), member of Karang Taruna (1 person), former member of Karang Taruna (1 person). The total number of informant subjects is 10 people. Data collection techniques used are observation techniques, interviews and document review. The data were then analyzed through three stages. The first stage of data reduction, the next stage of data presentation (data display) and the last conclusion drawing / verification (Sugiyono, 2012). The technique used to test the prevalence of data in this research is data triangulation technique. This technique is done so that the study in this study has credibility and can be accounted for. There are several ways in triangulation techniques, that is: 1. Conduct in-depth interviews with informants. 2. Conducting cross test between information obtained from informant with result of information in field. 3. Confirm the results obtained to other informants or other sources. 4. The result of this process will be a factual and objective explanation in accordance with the findings that have been obtained in the field.

A. Community-Based Sistem Informasi Desa (SID) Terong Sistem Informasi Desa is a series of information technology tools and internet-based software applications that first developed Combine in Indonesia. This program was initiated with Terong village community, Dlingo sub-district, Bantul regency of DIY. A series of workshops and trainings were conducted early in the program. The first workshop COMBINE done by building awareness Terong village community about the importance of community-based information management for rapid and appropriate village development. Participants from workshop members are still limited to village leaders. Combine implements a chain of village information transfers to mobilize rural communities to build this information system from the needs of the community itself. After the village leaders succeeded in mobilizing the members of the village community, the next combine made an advanced workshop to collect population data as the main database of this system. The first stage in determining this data by looking at the results of archives produced in the village. Some of the archives created in the village are: 1) Archive of Personal File Archive of personal file is a community member file of the organization we call the village. Each file contains the personal data needed to provide public services in the social, political, educational and health fields. The archives form the personal files of the village community in the form of self-information data such as identity cards, family cards, birth certificates, death certificates, and health cards. In addition, there is also a personal file file berbetuk certificate related personal file owners start such as Police Note Certificate (SKCK). 2) Land Archives Land archives are archives related to land issues. The archive not only keeps the assets of the land owned by the village treasury, but the land assets owned by all members of the village community. This is what makes the archive of land as a vital archive owned by the village (Rohmatun, 2017). The village has the authority to deal with selling, buying, leasing, inheritance, grants and other land activities. The residents are able to access the public services if the personal files are complete and fulfill the requirement by the government. Unsuccessful in completing the requirement tends to be the problem. Therefore, the incomplete files making the residents walking through this process in times. The solution to this case is that making the used files to be the converted personal files of the resident community into the media basis. The service smoothly runs with webite usage in socializing, so that public can access the program effisently. The residents are able to access the public services in the village by providing their completed personal files. The personal files data then be verified by the officer to continue conducting the service to public. Agrarian or land is a concerned issue in the State of Indonesia (Setyaningsih, 2015). Villages need the proper regulation to regulate the data of lands of the village correlated to the record data. At this stage, community members are collected to conduct the land inventory and clarify the inappropriate data. The each of land’s function will be described to this step. Then, the function of customizing lands criteria, is mapping the agrarian taken the village or conducting right targeted policies mapping by the government. System development and management information system policies analysis stand to be the reference by the central government as the following workshop in making the Village Information System. The data and the necessity that has collected from the community, then processed by IT Programmers as application system. The basic population administration database is containing data population, correspondence, population statistics, and poverty analysis and village website: http://terong.bantulkab. go.id/index.php/first. Today, the application system generated as SID 2.0. Although it is created as computer and internet basis program, the lack of internet connection (Offline) causes SID stop running. The village government and the local as community are trained in managing and providing services absed on SID to the local.

The result of this study showed the SID program has level of stages in Terong Vollage through timely processes due to the system is not the main of the purpose, however, the coorporative system working between COMBINE to the resident based on the potential and necessity. The necessity of Terong Village resident information is collected based on personel files archives data and the village’s data. Data submittion, then, is being arranged as the centred references regarded to information references. In other hands, the source has supported the good movement after the workshop and tranning by the COMBINE Resource Institution. The residents of Terong Village are able to access the public services electronically in their village. They are given the information regarded to public services necessity which is able to be accessed on website provided. Therefore, they can access the service at office centre by verifying the data; both village archived data and their own data electronically to information they need. Beside that, the evaluation is the first way to assess the effectiveness of public programs such SID program in Terong Village application. The parts that do not provide the changes that is need the modification and variation. Modification of the system, revamping the data of village administration needs to be continuously developed in socially, economically and culturally aspect. The village servant who works with the community must be creative and innovate, in order to improve information technology-based services. The development of human resources as SID program manager not only stops as operator and user only. SID manager in Terong Village should be able to develop the SID future features. Hopefuly, this program will provide widely accessted by either government or citizens as data information materials references.